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The lateral malleolus is the lower end of the fibula, the medial malleolus is the lower end of the tibia, and the medial malleolar sulcus is the posterior rim of the distal part of the tibia. There is a need for adequately powered, scientific trials.įibula Fracture Intramedullary Lateral malleolus Nail.Ĭopyright © 2015 IJS Publishing Group Limited. Orthopaedists classify the lesions according to which bone is involved. It would appear that intramedullary nail fixation of distal fibular fractures can outperform conventional fixation with plate and screws. There was a high risk of bias towards favourable outcomes for the nail group. In contrast to fractures of the radius and other fractures common among perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, bone density has not been clearly demonstrated to be a major risk factor. There is a paucity of literature upon which to draw reliable conclusions. Pooled data showed a statistically significant lower risk of wound infection (RR 0.10 95% CI 0.02 to 0.44), symptomatic hardware (RR 0.14 95% CI 0.05 to 0.35) and removal of hardware (RR 0.57 95% CI 0.39 to 0.81) with intramedullary nail fixation.

The implants investigated included: Knowles Pins, Fibular Nails, Rush Rods and Inyo Nails.

Two included studies were randomised-control studies and two were non-randomised case series. Systematic review and meta-analysis of published reports.įour studies met the inclusion criteria, including 375 patients. This study reviewed nail versus plate for fixation of unstable ankle fractures. Intramedullary nails (IM nails) now include dedicated fibular nails for lateral malleolus fractures.